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| Last Review/Updated: July 6, 2005 |
Water Act Fact SheetWater Allocation
Protection of Existing Rights
When the review of Alberta's water management policies and legislation
began, the Government made a commitment to protect existing water rights
in good standing. Section 18 of the new Act reflects this commitment.
Section 18 brings existing licences forward into the new Act and makes
them subject to the new Act. This is accomplished through
sections 18(1), (2) and (5) of the new Act. Section 18(1) brings the
licences forward, 18(2)(b) clarifies what happens in the event of an
inconsistency between a term or condition of a licence and the new Act,
and 18(5) clearly states that these brought-forward (deemed) licences are
subject to the new Act.
Categories of Water Allocation
The new Act continues to regulate the diversion of water from surface
and groundwater sources by a variety of methods, including statutory rights
for household purposes, registrations for traditional agriculture uses and
licences. Under certain circumstances, the new Act may allow for certain
diversions to be exempted from licencing requirements. These exemptions
will be specified in the regulations.
Household Purposes
The new Act protects water which is being used for household purposes
by providing a statutory right for household purposes (section 21) and
giving it top priority over all other uses of water (section 27). A
licence is not required for this type of diversion.
To qualify as a household user under section 21, a person must own or
occupy land that adjoins a river, stream, lake, natural watercourse or
other natural water body, or own or occupy land under which groundwater
exists. The water must be used for any of the following purposes: human
consumption, sanitation, fire prevention and watering animals, gardens,
lawns and trees. This right applies to a maximum of only 1250 cubic
metres of water per year per household. The definition of household is
defined in the regulations.
The public also raised concerns regarding the impact that household users within a subdivision could have on neighbouring water supplies. To address this concern the new Act requires a report to be prepared to determine whether or not the diversion of water for household purposes will interfere with any existing users. Generally, if the report states that there is not a sufficient water supply the right to use water for household purposes does not apply.
Traditional Agriculture Use
To ensure that existing traditional agriculture uses of water are
protected, the new Act provides a process for registering these uses
of water based on the date when the water use first started. The aim
of this registration process is to provide a fair mechanism for
protecting traditional agriculture uses of water while at the same
time minimizing the impact on existing licenced users.
To qualify as a registrant under this registration process, a person
must own land that adjoins a river, stream, lake, natural water course
or other natural water body, or land under which groundwater exists.
Either the owner or an occupant of the land must be using water on the
date on which the new Act comes into force for the purposes of raising
animals or applying pesticides to crops, as part of a farm unit. The
quantity of water that this person is entitled to under the registration
is the amount which is being used on the date of application, up to a
maximum of 6250 cubic metres of water per year or the maximum amount
specified in an applicable approved water management plan.
Generally, an application for a registration must be made by the owner
of the land within 3 years of the new Act coming into force. It is the
responsibility of the applicant to provide appropriate supporting
documentation for their application, including documentation on the
date of first use and the amount of water currently being used. If the
Director decides to effect a registration it will be made without an
expiry date and generally only one registration per person will be
allowed. As the registration is appurtenant to the land specified in
the registration it will pass with the land if the land is sold to a
new owner.
The priority number of the registration will be based on information
supplied by the applicant. However, if there is concern that the
correct priority number has not been assigned, there is the ability
to appeal the priority number to the Court of Queen's Bench within
5 years after the registration has been effected.
In some cases water may be being diverted on Crown land by a person who is leasing the land from the Government. In these situations the Government will have the responsibility for applying for the registration to allow the leasee to use the water.
Other licencing Requirements
Under the new Act, a licence will continue to be required for
diversions of water other than for diversions for household
purposes, pursuant to a registration, or where the diversion
is exempted under the regulations. All new water licences will
be issued for a specified period of time (section 51(5)). The
expiry date will be determined in accordance with the regulations.
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For general enquiries about
Alberta Environment
Water Legislation contact:
Ernie.Hui@gov.ab.ca
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